Precontractual - Contract automation
  • Contract automation (create your own)
  • Book: Cross-border contractingContracts and (cross border) contracting
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    • Weagree ITC Model Contracts – contract automation
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  • Contracts and (cross border) contracting
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    • 1.1 What is a contract? and how to structure it
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      • (a) A common structure for a contract (building blocks)
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        • (i) First part of an agreement: what to include and what to avoid.
        • (ii) Background clauses (preamble)
        • (iii) Body paragraphs (articles)
        • (iv) Schedules, annexes, exhibits
      • (b) An ‘informal’ format: letter agreements
    • 1.2 How to interpret contracts
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      • (a) Legal cultures and determinative interpretation factors
      • (b) Statutory guidelines on contract interpretation
      • (c) Contractual guidelines on interpretation of the contract
    • 1.3 Pre-contractual agreements
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      • (a) Non-disclosure agreements
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        • (i) Purpose
        • (ii) Confidentiality
      • (b) Memorandum of understanding (MOU), Letters of intent (LOI)
    • 1.4 Legal tech: contract automation, and contract lifecycle management
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      • (a) Contract automation (automated contract creation)
      • (b) Legal tech and contract negotiations
      • (c) Contract lifecycle management (CMS / CLM)
  • The ITC model contracts
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    • 2.1 Alliances and joint ventures
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      • (a) International contractual alliance
      • (b) International corporate joint venture
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        • (i) Establishment of the JVC
        • (ii) Party contributions and management of the JVC
        • (iii) Termination of the JVC
    • 2.2 Sales and supply contracts
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      • (a) International commercial sale of goods
      • (b) International long-term supply of goods
    • 2.3 International provision of services
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      • (a) International supply of services
      • (b) International manufacture agreement
    • 2.4 Supply chain: distribution and agency
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      • (a) International distribution of goods
      • (b) International commercial agency
    • 2.5 Trademark licence agreement
  • How to draft clear and precise contracts
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    • 3.1 General principles of contract drafting
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      • (a) Delete unnecessary words
      • (b) Consistency
      • (c) Avoid all ambiguity
    • 3.2 Using vague terms in contracts
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      • (a) ‘Reasonable’
      • (b) ‘Materially’
      • (c) ‘Substantially’
    • 3.3 ‘Best efforts’ or ‘reasonable endeavours’ in contract provisions
    • 3.4 Defined terms and definitions – best practices
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      • (a) Best practices of using defined terms
      • (b) Best practices of place and presentation of defined terms
      • (c) Best practices of drafting a definition
    • 3.5 How to write numbers, refer to a time and to a date
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      • (a) Best practice rules on drafting numbers
      • (b) References to dates
      • (c) References to time
  • Explaining certain types of clauses
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    • 4.1 Conditions
    • 4.2 Covenants
    • 4.3 Change of circumstances (hardship)
    • 4.4 Force majeure
    • 4.5 Warranties (and conformity)
    • 4.6 Limitation-of-liability clauses
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      • (i) Carve-out for essential obligations
    • 4.7 Confidentiality clauses
    • 4.8 Miscellaneous boilerplate clauses
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      • (a) Amendments
      • (b) Assignment
      • (c) No subcontracting
      • (d) Severability (effect of invalid or unenforceable provisions)
      • (e) Waivers
      • (f) Entire agreement (merger) clauses
      • (g) Further assurance (duty to cooperate)
      • (h) Independent contractors (‘no partnership established’)
      • (i) Time is of the essence
      • (j) Language (translations)
      • (k) Counterparts
    • 4.9 Applicable law and dispute resolution clauses
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      • (a) Applicable law (choice-of-law clauses)
      • (b) Failing a choice of law (the lex causae)
      • (c) Dispute resolution provisions
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        • (i) Court or arbitration?
        • (ii) Choices of court
        • (iii) Arbitration or expert determination?
        • (iv) Expert-determination clauses
        • (v) Arbitration institute or `ad hoc` arbitration?
        • (vi) Drafting an arbitration clause – points of attention
        • (vii) Mediation and escalation
  • Legal aspects
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    • 5.1 Unidroit principles of international commercial contracts
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      • (a) Freedom of contract
      • (b) Good faith (and fair dealing)
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        • (i) ‘Good faith’ as a fundamental legal principle
        • (ii) Abuse of rights
        • (iii) Good faith and fair dealing in international trade
        • (iv) The mandatory nature of the principle of good faith and fair dealing
      • (c) Inconsistent behaviour (‘venire contra factum proprium’)
      • (d) Practices and usages
    • 5.2 Vienna Convention on contracts for the international sale of goods (CISG)
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      • (a) Scope of application and general provisions
      • (b) Passing of ownership and risk
      • (c) Fundamental breach: required for avoidance (termination)
      • (d) Product conformity, fitness for purpose
      • (e) Payment in advance and milestone payments
      • (f) Obligations of the buyer
      • (g) Remedies for breach of contract
    • 5.3 Incoterms 2010
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      • (a) History
      • (b) Obligations of the parties visualised
      • (c) Structure of the Incoterms
      • (d) A few particularities
    • 5.4 Payment conditions (documentary collection, L/Cs, bank guarantees)
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      • (a) URC 522: documentary collection (D/P and D/A)
      • (b) UCP600: letters of credit (L/Cs)
      • (c) ISP98: Standby practices
      • (d) URDG: demand guarantees
      • (e) Payment in advance and milestone payments
    • 5.5 Intellectual property law
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      • (a) General concepts in intellectual property law
      • (b) Trademarks
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        • (i) Franchising – a few notes
      • (c) Copyright
      • (d) Know-how and trade secrets
      • (e) Patents
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        • (i) Inventions and patent criteria
        • (ii) Temporal aspects (prior art, grace period, prior use and patent duration)
        • (iii) Utility patents
      • (f) Software
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        • (i) What is ‘software’?
        • (ii) Software licence models, SaaS
        • (iii) Software licences
        • (iv) Maintenance & support (M&S)
      • (g) Licensing intellectual property
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        • (i) Core licence clause
        • (ii) Licence elements
        • (iii) Royalties
    • 5.6 Competition (‘antitrust’) law
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      • (a) Horizontal agreements (arrangements between competitors)
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        • (i) Price-fixing and imposing conditions on supply
        • (ii) Market partitioning (market allocation)
        • (iii) Joint ventures and alliances
        • (iv) Customer or supplier boycotts
        • (v) Participation in trade associations
      • (b) Vertical agreements
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        • (i) Common vertical restraints
        • (ii) Common violations in vertical agreements
        • (iii) EU assessment criteria of possible violation (market dominancy)
      • (c) Abuse of a ‘dominant position’ (‘monopolisation’)
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        • (i) Discrimination and differentiation of sales conditions
        • (ii) Imposing exclusive or excessive minimum purchase commitments
        • (iii) Rebates
        • (iv) Unfair or predatory pricing
      • (d) Tying and bundling
      • (e) Public procurement and tenders
      • (f) The legal framework
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